Synthesis Essay - Best Teaching Method in ELT

Best of ELT

            Teaching is bliss, not ignorance, and some methods should be followed in order to teach something to someone. In ELT world, there are a lot of teaching methods most of which are useful for both students and teachers. Nonetheless, as George Orwell said, all animals are equal but some are more equal than others. In other words, several teaching methods are better for students for some aspect. As my point of view, Problem-based learning (PBL) – the most efficient - is heading the lead by far.

            To start with, PBL pushes all the students to think. In PBL, teacher puts a problem or ill-structured topic at the middle of the class and wants students to solve it. To solve the problem, students have to brainstorm, analyze, and think critically which mean students are the teachers of themselves. This is an opportunity to generate students’ own ideas and then compare them those of others. (Barell, 2006) As said, it is a good opportunity to think about self-assessment and in a critical way.

            To continue with, related to first aspect, critically thinking students starts to evaluate the situations and the world around them which means they can think more emphatically. Through this way, they can easily adjust themselves to any environment they encounter, and have no hardship against the difficult events they face. Namely, their future life will be shaped indirectly. They will have a wider perspective of live. We create meaning as much from efforts to answer our own questions as from what we read or hear. In that sense, it is often said that our greatest challenges become our greatest learning experiences. (Delisle, 1997) Our own experiences and studies will make our life perspective wider. That is why; problem-based learning is the best teaching method to widen our perspective indirectly.

            Ultimately, problem-based learning is student-centered. Teacher has little role in learning. As accepted in the teaching world, being student-centered is more useful than being teacher-centered for students. When centered students while teaching what is aimed to be taught, teachers can teach more effectively which means students are their own teachers (Duch, 2001).  As stated, students are their own teachers and only they can teach themselves in a way that is the most accurate and efficient.

            To sum up, there are a load of teaching methods to choose. However, it is more convenient to choose the best of all. At this point, we can understand that the most efficient of them is PBL in anyway. Why? Since, as we can observe on the children of early ages, everyone learns more by experimenting and observing. Moreover, this can only be provided with a student-centered method and the most efficient one of student-centered methods is PBL. 

Synthesis Essay - Classroom Management

Classroom Management

            Teachers must have some authority on the whole class. For this, teachers should have some crucial characteristic of theirs. In addition to these characteristic features, they also need to have a broad control over the classroom. At this point, classroom management styles come to mind. And, classroom management is most important thing in control over the class, learning, and partially disciplining students.

            Primary, a teacher has to be the only authority in the classroom environment that every student should obey. That is why; teacher should have some control over the whole classroom. If teacher succeeds in establishing the authority over the class, the class will see the teacher as the only leader and the authority over them all. Through this way, any possible insubordination will be halted to a large extent. If a teacher does not invest in establishing and teaching clear rules and procedures, students will feel that the standards of that particular classroom are inconsistent and control is up for grabs. (Mills, 2013) This identification of classroom management by Dr. Mills is very accurate.

            Secondary, in a relation to authority, classroom management is crucial for learning of the students. With a complete and accurate authority, students’ learning will be enhanced to a great extent. In a well-managed classroom environment, student will not be distracted by the outer distractions and will be focused on the lesson. Well-managed classroom environments offer opportunity for skill development through reflection and self-questioning, emphasizing proactive ways of interacting with students to create and sustain an authentic learning community. (Larrivee, 2008) As Barbara Larrivee said, it will help students to create their own gigantic horizons and improve themselves.

            Tertiary, a well-controlled and managed classroom environment will discipline the student. This disciplining will definitely affect the future life of the students. In other words, academic careers, marriage lives, and all other aspects of the students can be shaped through disciplining them in the classroom. Since early ages of students are critical for their future lives in adopting some kinds of lifestyles, it is very important to discipline them in a good way. Classrooms are systems. If you want a good discipline, then you must think your classroom as a system, and you manage it as a system. (Payne, 2006)

            In a nutshell, it is very significant to manage a classroom in a efficient way, not only for your comfort but also for students’ good. For these reasons, every teacher should have a primary aim which is managing the classroom well. Otherwise, teachers can experience hardships and affect the future lives of the students.

Synthesis Essay - Technology in English Language Teaching

Technology in ELT

            Nowadays, technology has reached its peak. It has been used in every part of daily life, science, and education. In education, it is very beneficial to use it correctly for complete learning. Most of students have every kind of ability to reach it through tools they have. Also, in universities, technology is started to be used to a great extent. It is also very beneficial to use technology in English Language Teaching department in terms of permanence of knowledge, attractiveness of lessons, and efficiency.

            First of all, with the help of technology, permanence of knowledge taught in the lesson would be enhanced. Tools like projectors provide students with more visual content which help them keep all the knowledge in mind. Additionally, some programs and virtual environments such as “Facebook”, “Wikipedia”, and “Edmodo” can help them reach whatever they want. “Technology integrated lessons will definitely enhance the permanence of the knowledge aimed to be taught during the lessons” says Priscilla Norton, the Learning Technologies Design Researcher in George Mason University. (Norton, 2013) This utterance lays the importance of technology in the permanence of knowledge in learning.

            Second, a classical classroom environment -with books, lecture, blackboard, and writing- cannot be very attractive for students. At this point, making lessons attractive by using technology is a pretty brilliant idea. Visual contents like videos, music, and photographs help teacher draw student’s attention and make lessons more beneficial for students. An attractive way in which all the students are interested is the most and the best way to teach. (Halverson, 2009) As Dr. Halverson said, it is the best way to educate people with a way which is more attractive and joyful for them. If a person is eager to learn, he or she will absolutely learn somehow. At this point, by using technology to make lessons attractive, it is easier to make them eager to learn.

            As the last aspect, the technology will improve the efficiency of lessons. With the help of technology, teachers can reach an incredible amount of information by only one click and transfer them to all their students. Some say that it is still possible without technology, by gathering information from books and encyclopedia. Conversely, all the books and encyclopedias are not accessible and teachers cannot reach them all. On the internet any teacher can easily reach any kind of source they want. Times have changed, teachers have evolved, and we now have a new breed of learning technologists. As a result, we have a efficient teaching with the evolved technology. (Peacock, 2013)

            All in all, usage of technology in ELT, and even all departments, has several positive effects that cannot be disregarded. Above, three of them are tried to be explained in a meticulous way. Apart from all these three aspects, this is a fact that there are a load of reasons to consider technology as a beneficial utility. 

Argumentative Essay - Studying Abroad

A-broad Study

Cultural diversity is one of the most important things in education. However, cultural diversity is not fully provided in any country on earth. To get absorbed into different cultures, students need to see a lot of people from different cultures as much as possible. At this point, here comes to mind studying abroad. It is crucial for students t study in other countries even in overseas.

            First of all, as said above, cultural diversity is important for students to open up their mind and widen their view of life. Students who are grown up in different cultures are more open minded at the point of empathy and comprehension. It is a proven fact. Also, cultural diversity can be provided into a class or a school. However, seeing other cultures in their own habitat will absolutely more improve students than a superficial one. That is to say, going abroad and studying there is better and more convenient for all.

            The second point is learning language. Everyone can learn language from book, videos, movies, and schools; however, learning with its native speakers will absolutely more beneficial for several aspects. One of them is the slang. Only native speakers of a language can fully know and use the slang. That is why, studying abroad improve language in terms of slang. The other, and last, is the fluency. With the native speaker who speak speak the most fluent language, students will improve in terms of fluency to a great extend.

            Opposing, some say that learning language while studying abroad is not very good due to the slang. They defend that the slang includes so much explicit content. However, language is a living thing and when it is not used much it makes itself forgotten. Slang is a part of the language and cannot be ignored. It must be learnt anyway. However, the usage of it is up to users. You do not have to use it. It is important to learn language with its all good and bad sides.

            As the consequence, learning abroad can be said to be beneficial especially for students. Overall-waged peoples being not able to afford is also another fact. At this point, colleges are providing programs like exchange, Erasmus. These are some of the options that can be taken advantages of. Travel around and learn about the world! It is a must.

Argumentative Essay - Growing a child in a small or big city

Big or Small

            Environment is absolutely one of the most important things in nurturing a child. There is no doubt that selecting a proper place for growing up the children seems to be an important decision for the parents. Every parent wants their children to be successful in their life, and for this, they give their best effort to grow them up. Both countryside and big city are beneficial somehow. Many parents argue that growing children at the country side is more beneficial because cities are polluted which results in bad health of the child. However in my opinion, city would be the best place for the growth of a child. Cities provide better education, better development and better facilities for the growth of a child. 

            First, children in big cities can attend equipped schools which are necessary for their development. In countries like Turkey, there are a lot of place where is isolated and neglected. In these settlements, there may be only one school and teachers of the schools also come from the surrounding villages. Frankly, it does not completely provides a perfect atmosphere to learn much from them and always It can be said that students could learn more by reading the books on their own. However, in a big city, students have a load of opportunities. They can learn music, language, and painting in educational institutions and primary schools, the skills that cannot be learned very well in an average lifestyle. 

            Second, there are a lot of entertainments in big cities that are essential for a child development that cannot be found in an isolated small countryside. The life in small towns can be very boring; however students can use their leisure time in the best possible way in a big city. Students also can go to museums and learn about archeology and history of the country. Also they can spend time in stadiums and parks, the places that they can happy there. 

            There is a belief among some conservative citizens that it is better to grow up children in the countryside. These people usually talk about lots of advantages of living in the countryside for children and disadvantages of living in a big city for them. According to their ideas the tranquility of the countryside can't be surpassed for a child development. They argue that there are lots of institutions in a big city that have bad effects on children. For example they talk about pornography which according to them is a terrible problem associated with big cities. Even so, there are few people how believe that children must live in a countryside because growing a child in a big city has many points in its favor. There are lots of good schools in a big city that essential for children development. Not only schools, but also lots of institutions involved in education in a big city. Also, in a city children can pass their leisure time in valuable ways. For me, there is no doubt that a big city is preferable to the countryside to raise children.

In conclusion, although both the countryside and a big city have some advantages that can benefit a child development, in my view, a city is a much better place to raise a child because there are lots of equipped schools, education centers, and suitable entertainments in a big city. Some religious or conservative people always afraid from big cities and they can't understand the benefits of life in such a good place for a child. On the other side, I believe that people must raise their children in big cities and do not confine them in a boring countryside.

Cause and Effect Essay - Immigration

IMMIGRATION

            Immigration is a way to move from one country to another country in order to live and work. Nowadays, many people decide to immigrate to have a better life. This essay will look at some causes and effects of immigration.

            Firstly, employment opportunities are the most common reason that people decide to emigrate. In other countries, there will be variety kind of jobs and as a result, people will have a lot of opportunities to find a job. Moreover, finding a job in other countries will probably lead to having high salary and modern working environment. For example, many people go to Russia and Korea to work as a construction worker and as a consequence, they earn higher salaries than in their home country. All of these things will possibly lead to immigration.

            Another cause of immigration is education opportunities; it will certainly cause directly having better future for children. With a better education, children will have chances to adapt to new style of studying and it might cause children to be a creative, flexible people and they will be able to becoming independence. For instance, studying in a Western university, children can change their study styles, especially they have to adapt with active learning which is spend a lot of time to study by themselves.

            As addition to these causes, immigration has also several effects on countries, immigrants, and both of them.

To initiate, Overpopulation is the most serious effects of immigration. When a lot of migrants move to other country, it will definitely lead to not having enough space to live and work as well. In addition, when the figure of immigrants increases too fast, it will probably result in not providing enough food demanding. China is one of many examples of this factor, when Vietnamese, Cambodian and Laos people move to China to find a job and lived there.

            Secondly, Immigration directly affects the welfare of immigrants themselves. Immigrants come with the expectation that they will gain from immigration. If they had not felt that they would gain, they were free not to immigrate. Economic betterment is only one of many reasons why immigrants come here. Some may come expecting economic loss, but this must be offset by higher perceived gains in other things they value, like political freedom or reunion with their families. These gains are all before the fact. It may turn out that some immigrants are disappointed with life in their new country and some who fail to realize a gain return to their country of origin. Beyond the immigrants themselves, their immigration may have implications for the economic well-being of those who remain in the sending countries. Because immigration reduces labor supply in those countries, the income of other workers rises and the income of other factors of production falls there. But such effects are beyond the scope of the panel's work and are not dealt with in this report.

            In a nutshell, immigration has lots of causes and effect some of which are above. People, sometimes, feel the need of moving to another place. Some need money, some need education, some need a new life and some need all or some of them. However, all these people want a better life which they see in other countries. As a point of view, world should be a place that nobody wants to migrate nowhere; then we can live harmoniously.

Argumentative Essay - Nuclear Power Plants in Turkey

Nuclear Plants in Turkey

Recently, the cost of energy sources like fossil fuels, coal and oil are increasing around the world. As a result of this, nuclear power gained popularity. Nuclear energy is produced by controlled use of nuclear chain reaction and can be used as to boil water or produce the turbine power as well as create heat and generation of electricity. As such, the demand for turning to nuclear power is rocketing in Turkey. However, we should not switch to nuclear energy to expose ourselves to great danger and I totally agree with this statement. 

First and foremost, nuclear energy is not claimed as a clean energy and there is a great deal of waste disposal from nuclear power. It will absolutely waste tons of waste; so, the natural habitat around the nuclear plants. Besides that, radiation can be spread through water cycle and can be deposited on people, plants, animals and soil. It will result that public health affected negatively. In fact, there is also leakage of radioactive waste as it is dumped in rural settings. So, if we are switching to nuclear energy, we will surely be exposed to great danger.

The second reason is reactors accidents and the threat of weapons proliferation easily occurs. Nuclear reactors consistently release millions of curies of radioactive isotopes into the air and water per year. If a person inhaled these unregulated isotopes, it will damage the body's organ and cause genetic disease like lung cancer. The radioactive material also set as attractive targets for terrorist sabotage. Without doubt, there is high possibility of those catastrophic attacks by terrorists to happen if nuclear energy is happened to be used. At the same time, nuclear weapon can easily provided to everyone and creates dangers like wars. 

On the other hand, nuclear power is proven that there is available technology capable of producing vast quantities of safe and affordable energy with zero-carbon emissions. However, in my opinion, these benefits are not true. The hazard of radioactive leaks like Chernobyl accidents is lack of waste disposal facility. It cannot be reliable to produce nuclear energy. For instance, Philippines has closed Bataan nuclear power plant in 1987 after it was declared unsafe and inoperable. Furthermore, nuclear power emits large quantities of carbon dioxide and will cause more 50 per cent of global warming. Therefore, the nations should not switch to nuclear energy as well as Turkey. 

In conclusion, I totally agree that by switching to nuclear energy, we are exposing our country to a great danger. Although it is new sources to improve growth of economic in a country like Turkey, but it will bring many malicious effects to Turkey such as pollution. Switching to nuclear energy is not a safe option to everyone as it will brings danger in life.

Argumentative Essay - Turkey in EU

TURKEY in EUROPEAN UNION

            The country of Turkey is typically considered to straddle both Europe and Asia. Turkey occupies all of the Anatolian Peninsula and a small part of southeastern Europe. In October 2005 negotiations began between Turkey and the European Union (EU) for Turkey to be considered as a possible member of the EU in the future. At this point, this is considered to be a better future for Turkey. As a point of view, this will absolutely carry Turkey to a greater point on the world scale.

            First of all, the low per-capita income of the Turkish population is a concern since the economy of Turkey as a new EU member might increase. When Turkey joins the EU, this low per-capita income will absolutely increase due to the privileges guaranteed by the EU members, cooperation, and the mutual aid. For citizens’ good, Turkey should join the European Union. In other words, citizens of Turkey will have a greater income and better life standards.

            Second, according to European Union rules, all the citizens of EU members can easily travel through the borders of EU members without any permission or visa. When this statement is taken into consideration, travelling to the Europe will become easier than ever for Turkey’s people, which means almost every person in Turkey can go wherever they want in the Europe. This is a perfect privilege for people since, in Turkey; people have not got the chance to get visa for Europe. Through this way, all the economical burdens will be removed from the citizens’ shoulders.

          

Opposing, while the European Union is working with Turkey to help it move toward being able to become a member of the European Union, there are some who are concerned about Turkey's potential membership. Some state that Turkey's culture and values are different from those of the European Union as a whole. They point out that Turkey's 99.8% Muslim population is too different from Christian-based Europe. However, the EU makes the case that the EU is not a religion-based organization, Turkey is a secular (a non-religion-based government) state, and that 12 million Muslims currently live throughout the European Union. Nonetheless, the EU acknowledges that Turkey needs to "Substantially improve respect for the rights of non-Muslim religious communities to meet European standards."

            One of the EU statements exceptionally express the best idea for Turkey to be a part of the European Union of the future, "Europe needs a stable, democratic and more prosperous Turkey which adopts our values, our rule of law, and our common policies. The accession perspective has already driven forward bold and significant reforms. If the rule of law and human rights are guaranteed throughout the country, Turkey can join the EU and thus become an even stronger bridge between civilizations as it is already today." That sounds like worthwhile goal for Turkey.

Cause and Effect - Knowing a Foreign Language

KNOWING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

            Language is the basic way of communication with other people. In today’s world, it is a milestone to know about other cultures and get more intellectual. Compared to others, people who know at least one foreign language is always one step ahead. They have the ability of thinking in a more sophisticated way, and they have a wider view of life. To open up the importance of knowing a foreign language, there are lots of causes and effects of it which can be easily observed.

            First, people who know a foreign language is always more advantageous than who do not know. If a person knows at least one foreign language, he or she may have chance of getting a better job. To illustrate, nowadays, most of the companies require employees who are good at their second language. Also, these employees who know foreign languages earn more. At the same time, by earning more, these people can invest their future life. In other words, it can be said that they guarantee their and their children’s tomorrow by investing their future.

            Secondly, knowing a foreign language makes people more intellectual. Every culture has its own unique value and history. If they go to a foreign country, they interact with other cultures, and they can find their interests in these cultures. Through this way, they can make new friends and make their view of life wider. By the way, they have the chance of comparing their own cultures with the other foreign ones which also can make them intellectual in empathy.

            Additionally, there are also effects as many as causes. These effects are more crucial than causes, for they are directly connected to the development of a intellectual person.

            First, as a result of knowing a foreign language, one becomes a more social person. By communicating with other people, people can get wider their life perspectives. People who know foreign languages get into interaction with more people without any hardship. Even, possibility of feeling lonely and desperate is decreased.

            As another effect, people can accumulate more knowledge about whole world. Namely, they can collect information from every culture they keep in touch. Through this way, as I said, they become more intellectual. They can analyze their own life in a better way, while comparing other cultures with theirs. As a result, by collecting information all around the world and becoming intellectual, they see the life itself from different perspectives.

            As a consequence, learning foreign languages is very significant for us all. There are many causes like employment, getting a better life, and being intellectual as well as effects. It helps not only us but also our country and the world. In a nutshell, we can easily see that knowing a foreign language has lots of benefits and advantages.

Cause and Effect Essay - Insomnia

INSOMNIA

            Insomnia is a sleeping disorder wherein a person experiences difficulties in sleeping and staying asleep. It can cause difficulties in concentrating, mood swings, and lack of energy. The purpose of this essay is to explain the three main causes of insomnia- psychological causes, physical causes and temporary events or factors.

            Insomnia can be classified as a psychological problem therefore, it has psychological causes. The three psychological causes of insomnia are anxiety, and depression. Anxiety creates a feeling of fear and worries which can disturb a person’s mind, causing that person to constantly think about something which leads to difficulties in sleeping. Anxiety also can be a result of non-psychological situation.

Secondly, depression, a feeling of great sadness, is also a psychological problem that causes insomnia. Difficulties in sleeping are brought about by the negative feelings inside a person. Not only do anxiety, stress and depression cause insomnia, they are also the effects of it. If a person continuously experience insomnia, it can turn into a “vicious cycle”.

            Besides from being a psychological problem, insomnia can also cause problems on the physical aspects of a person. Therefore, it has physical causes as well. Some physical causes include hormonal changes in women, decrease in melatonin, medical conditions, pains, genetics, and other sleep disorders.

Medical conditions, such as asthma; pains and hormonal changes in women cause discomfort to people which result in sleep disruption. Decrease in melatonin, on the other hand, is a phenomena which happens as a person ages. Melatonins are hormones that control a person’s sleep. Other than these factors, studies also show that insomnia can be passed down from one generation to the other, but this has yet to be explained by researchers.

            Lastly, insomnia causes by temporary events or factors. Some events or factors which affect insomnia are jet lag, working the night shifts, medications, environmental noise and extreme temperatures. Jet lag and working late at night can cause a person’s sleeping patterns to change which can cause difficulties in sleeping. While medications can have side effects that can cause sleep deprivation. Environmental noise and extreme temperatures can cause discomfort which can cause a person to have a hard time trying to get some sleep.

            Insomnia is a sleeping disorder that should be treated before it turns into an extreme problem. Even those who get nine hours or so of sleep can get insomnia. As long as there is a feeling of fatigue and drowsiness, you have insomnia. Insomnia depends on the quality of your sleep not in the amount of sleep you are getting. Although there are several factors which causes insomnia, a person can prevent or cure it by becoming a “sleep detective”- fixing his or her sleep routines and lessening stress and anxiety.

Cause and Effect Essay - Divorce

DIVORCE

            Divorce rate has reached its peaks on the century we live and this is a real threat for healthy generations. Half of the Turkey’s children are witnessing the break-up of their parent's marriage and close to half of these children also see the break-up of their parent's second marriage nowadays. Divorce is a horrible fact and it is really hard on anyone who is involved. The stress of modern living makes a long list of causes for a divorce and the effects from a divorce are never ending.

            Firstly, the most common cause for divorces is bad communication. Bad communication is taking the lead of these causes, for every people has his or her own unique characteristic features. In other words, in time, people get to know each other perfectly and discover other’s some features that are weird for him or her. Consequently, couples start to bear each other some grudge which results in some serious outcomes. Couples are dating for a short period of time and decide to marry. As a result of these, they do not know well each other.

            As a second cause, there comes cheating on each other. People who are married for a long time start to cheat on their partner. As a primary reason for this, it can be said that they need more regular sexual life. Couples cannot satisfy each other sexually and this results in cheating. As a secondary reason for this, it can be said that couples are not satisfied emotionally and mentally which leads pairs to outer world to find some other loves. To conclude, satisfaction has a crucial role on relationships, especially serious relationships. If one of the couple is not satisfied well, he or she would be attracted by the outer world’s beauty.

            In addition to these causes, there are lots of effects some which are deeply affect couples and their children and some of which has not very crucial consequences.

            To start with, divorces have a really deep impact on the children. Children of the divorced parents can be mentally ill or disobedient due to the stress and the sorrow he or she feels during the hard times of the divorce. As predicted, children who had the divorce trauma become less obedient and aggressive in their future social life. Correspondingly, an only divorce can affect the whole society by the mediation of a disobedient and aggressive child.

            Secondly, one of the most serious effects of the divorce is death rate increases. Couples who are divorced eat their heart out and start thinking of attempting suicide or killing his or her partner. As a result of this, they ruin not only their own life, but also their relatives’ and children’s lives. This situation is very common in Turkey nowadays and people should be informed about the seriousness of the divorce.

            To sum up, divorce is not a fair decision for both partners and the people around them. Couples who have some mal-communication should consult a psychiatrist or an expert. There are lots of ways to solve problems between people and the divorce is not a way to get rid of the responsibility of a family.

Compare and Contrast - Two Cities

TWO CITIES

            There can be lots of cities bearing similarities and differences at the same time. But it is difficult to imagine that a large, old city and a new, small one could be that similar and difference at all. However, anyone who has seen Amasya and Samsun knows that this is possible. The two cities differ in age, population and climate but they share many similarities at the same time.

            Firstly, of course, Samsun is the older city. It is over some thousands years old. Its roots called to be stemming from old Amazonian civilizations. Amasya, in contrast, is not very old. It is about four or five hundred years old.

Secondly, the population of Samsun (1,213,000) is also much larger than Amasya's population (322,000). Samsun continuingly takes emigration, for its geographical location’s outcomes. It has a harbor that is very important for the exportation of Turkey and it holds some commercial advantages. Namely, it is a developed industrial city with its factories and plantations. However, Amasya is middle of mountains, surrounded on the four sides, which does not let it grow bigger.

Thirdly, the climates of these two cities are different. Samsun has a very mild and humid climate which brings much of rain. On Samsun, it is summers are very overwhelming and winters are pretty lenient. Also, Samsun takes too much rain all four season long. On the other hand, the climate of Amasya is very harsh. Summers are very hot and winters are exceedingly cold.

 Although these important differences exist, the cities are strikingly similar. First, both cities are, somehow, the touristic centers of their countries. Both cities have lots of historical places, museums, tourist attractions and local beauties.

Secondly, the two cities look similar. I mean, the architecture used on the buildings is similar. For this reason, many of the buildings and monuments in Samsun are symmetrically located in view of another, just as they are in Amasya. Both cities are also the sites of magnificent monuments; important historical landmarks; fine museums; beautiful parks; and board, tree-lined avenues. 

Finally, they both have very fertile areas eligible for agriculture. That is why; gardening, farming and plantations are very improved in these two cities. In other words, Samsun and Amasya have a very convenient location for civilizations to thrive and develop.

In conclusion, Samsun and Amasya share numerous similarities in addition to their differences. Samsun is a big, developed city and Amasya is a small, developing city. They are both worth living, for their natural beauties and opportunities. If one loves city life with traffic, noise and rush Samsun is better; however, if one loves small-city lifestyle Amasya is probably one of the best places in Turkey.

Compare and Contrast Essay - Highschool vs University

THE BIG LEAP

            The leap from high school to college is a large one. Many students enter post-secondary education expecting the experience to be the same as the one they had while at secondary school. These students are wrong to make this assumption, and they very quickly realize just how different college is. College costs more, presents more academic challenges, and offers a more social environment than high school. As a result of these, from my high school, Aziz Atik Anatolian Teacher Training High school, I leapt to Yeditepe University which has lots of similarities and differences.

            First, in terms of cost, college is more expensive than high school because of tuition, living expenses, and books. Anyone who wishes to attend college must pay fees, whereas it is free to attend high school. College tuition can start at roughly 5000 TL per term and can wind up costing as much as 15000 TL. The government funds high schools, so high school students do not have to pay for their education. In addition to tuition, college students must also worry about the residence or rental costs for living close to the college’s campus. In Istanbul, rental costs for a basement apartment can range from 750 to 2000 TL per month (not including utilities), and residence fees at most colleges work out to roughly 3000 TL per term. In contrast, high school students have no living expenses because the majority of high school students live at home with their parents for free.

            Second, the workload in college is more challenging than the workload in high school. College students are faced with the task of having to complete an average of three to five assignments per week, whereas high school students average only one to three assignments per week. There are more assignments in college, and they are also more challenging and can take up to eight hours to complete successfully. In contrast, high school students do not have to commit as much time and effort to their assignments and can often finish all of their homework in the same amount of time it takes a college student to complete a single assignment. In addition to the extra time that college students put into their work, students experience extra pressure because their final grades are based on each assignment. In high school, however, an assignment is worth only 5% to 20% of a student’s final grade. In college, an assignment is worth 25% or as much as 50% of a student’s final grade. College students are consistently placed under more academic pressure than high school students.

            Third, in college, there are more activities, sports, and clubs for students to participate in than in high school. College students have both the benefits of being able to join varsity sports teams as well as being able to use any athletic facilities the college has to offer, such as gyms, pools, and weight rooms. In contrast, most high schools often offer non-varsity sports teams, but very few high schools boast athletic facilities similar to those of a college. Colleges also host social events that are unavailable in high schools. Examples of these events are orientation week and pub nights. Furthermore, colleges offer more clubs than high schools do. High schools may have some clubs or groups that students can join; however, because high schools are smaller with fewer students, the variety of clubs is limited. Colleges are guaranteed to have a club for everyone because the population base is so large. Athletic facilities, social events, clubs and special interest groups show the college environment to be much more social than the high school environment.

            On the basis of financial, academic, and social aspects, college is more costly, more academically challenging, and more socially stimulating than high school. These differences need to be taken into account by those students who are entering college from high school. If new post-secondary students are conscious of these differences, they will be more adequately prepared for the challenges that college can present.

Compare and Contrast Essay - Lincoln vs Kennedy

Lincoln and Kennedy

Throughout the history, there had been many influential characters in every country. Besides, all these characters played an important role in their countries’ history. To talk about two characters in American history, it is more appropriate to talk about John F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln who have a lot in common and different.

Firstly, John F. Kennedy became president in 1960. His assassin, John Wilkes Booth, was born in 1839. The following president after him, Lyndon Johnson, was born in 1908. Also, he lost a son while living in The White House. He was shot in the head on a Friday. Shockingly, he had a secretary named Lincoln. In addition to all these dates, He believed in the equality between black and white in the U.S.A. Keep in mind all these dates and information, here comes some singularity.

Abraham Lincoln became president in 1860. His assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, was also born in 1839. The following president after him, Andrew Johnson, was born in 1808. Furthermore, he lost a son while living in The White House. He was shot in the head on a Friday, too. The secretary of him was named Kennedy. Correspondingly, he tried to make peace between black and white in the U.S.A in order to make America a better place.

On the other hand, there are also differences in their lives. With the earning yield of different centuries, it is expected to bear some differences. From their social lives to their political affairs, they bear more differences than their similarities.

To start with, the party affiliation of John Fitzgerald Kennedy was democratic. Also, he had a nice education before becoming presidents. I mean, he was graduated from Harvard College. He was serving for the military services in the U.S.A as previous profession. He was a conservative Roman Catholic.

On the other side, Abraham Lincoln had a Republican Party affiliation. Additionally, he had no formal education before his merging his political career. He was a lawyer besides his being captain in military. He was one of the pioneers that supported black and white equality in every aspects of life which is thought of his being a conservative Christian.

To conclude, there can be lots of similarities and differences between two presidents of the U.S.A. However, Kennedy and Lincoln have a lot in common and this resemblance is very stunning for most of the authorities. Also, having many difference in their social and political backgrounds make this statistics very stunning.

Compare and Contrast Essay - Lecture vs Class Discussion

Lecture vs. Class Discussion

            There are lots of teaching methods in educational science world. All these teaching methods serve a unique aim determined by the teacher directing any class. Out of all these hundreds of methods, some are used most and some are used least. Throughout this essay, two of the most commonly used methods will be discussed: lecture (by the teacher) and class discussion with their differences and similarities.

            As to start, they are both focuses on the different things during the class. The method of lecture by the teacher focuses on the teacher. In this method, teacher’s knowledge, handling, style, and expertise is very important at the point of being beneficial for students. On the other hand, the method of class discussions requires all the students’ participation in the lesson which means teacher plays a smaller role. Also, class discussion method may help students improve speaking skills of theirs.

            Secondly, these two methods have their own unique styles. In other words, they two cannot be very beneficial when applied to any class. For instance, Lecture method is more beneficial for theoretical lessons like Philosophy and History, for these kinds of lessons requires some skills like listening, note-taking, scanning and quick comprehension. However, class discussion method does not require too many skills as in the lecture. Students are supposed to listen, speak, ask and response. Besides, Class discussion method can be applied on lessons like Oral Communication.

            As the last difference, the atmosphere comes. In lecture, the atmosphere is more formal and not very relaxed. By the way, lecture requires some warm-up for the lesson at the beginning which makes lesson more strained.  On the other side of the coin, class discussion has a cozier atmosphere which is based on mutual conversation. Mutual conversation makes students feel relaxed and home. That is why class discussion has a cozier atmosphere.

            On the other hand, apart from differences above, there are also lots of similarities between these two teaching methods. To start with, they both require more than two students. I mean, on face-to-face and one-on-one lessons these are not convenient. Because these two requires some kind of traffic of knowledge in a group consisted of teacher and students more than two.

            Afterwards, they both target learning about the topic lectured or discussed. In other words, while a teacher is giving a lecture, he or she gives information, triggers students to think and wants to make information permanent. Correspondingly, on a class discussion, students and teacher speak and discuss on a topic. While doing this, they target to learn, share and make information permanent.

            Finally, these two methods require absolute concentration. On the lecture method, students have to be alert and concentrated; otherwise, they can lag behind and cannot fully understand the lesson. Similarly, on the class discussion method, if students do not listen and participate in the lesson, they can fall back and spend the entire lesson very useless. Namely, concentration is very crucial for both methods.

            To sum up, these two methods are mostly used ones. They resemblances each other and differ at some points. Before the lesson starts, the method should be determined by the teacher correctly according to requirements and type of the lesson. They both have positive and negative sides. When used correctly they will never bring negative outcomes.